Function parameters, also known as function arguments. It's a concept common to pretty much every programming language.
A function is a piece of code that you give a name so that you can run it any time just by typing in its name, right? Well you can further customize a function by passing parameters to it when you call it. Like say I wanted a function to add numbers together. How could I do that? I can hardly just create a function for all possible number combinations:
function addOneAndOne() { ... }
function addOneAndTwo() { ... }
function addOneAndThree { ... }
...and so on. So instead I create one function and give it two arguments:
function add(firstNumber, secondNumber) {
return firstNumber + secondNumber;
}
So now I can call that function like so:
add(1, 1)
add(1, 2)
add(1, 3)
add(435, 65)
But if the function has no parameters then you're left with empty parentheses.