I don't expect the beginner to finish this before about at least a 10 month's time period, and that's if you're rushing.
I'll get right to it.
First, start on windows. It's a friendly starting point
Fire up notepad and your favorite web browser (my favorite is Chrome) and get to googling (you will be using google.com avidly for your entire programming career).
Learn, in this order:
HTML
CSS
Javascript (don't get confused with Java -- they are COMPLETELY different things)
After getting proficient on all three, you must finalize your knowledge about them by knowing how to affect HTML with both CSS and javascript, as well as affect CSS with javascript. Only after that can you continue.
Now, download XAMPP (google it, remember?). It's really easy to install -- just use the defaults for the install process. After installing, open the XAMPP control panel and start apache -- everything else is pointless (even the MySQL database. The version XAMPP installs is pretty much useless). As you WILL need MySQL, go ahead to the MySQL site and download the latest community server, and install. Install for a development environment, and set the username to root and the password to something you'll remember. If the option arises, allow remote access.
Also download the free version of Navicat. It's used to interface with the MySQL database and provide an easy way to create databases -- however, PHP will require you to write your own queries, so don't think you're off the hook there ;)
Again, use Google to learn how to use navicat and to connect! Don't use guides, try to figure it our yourself.
Anyways, after starting apache (google "apache" to learn EXACTLY what it is!), go to your browser and type in "127.0.0.1" (google that particular IP address too, and while you're at it, look up what a HOST file is.) "http://localhost" works too -- it's the same thing.
Learn PHP, and then learn MySQL ALONG with PHP, and learn how to use MySQL with PHP, and then learn how to make PHP output HTML, CSS, and Javascript. If you want to go into deeper MySQL database knowledge (BTW, quick note, MySQL is used with more things than just websites. Coding a private server for WoW? You'll need MySQL -- a lot.), then google InnoDB and learn how to make relationships, stored procedures/functions, triggers, joins and subqueries.
For PHP, I recommend looking up a complete list of PHP "keywords" and "operators", including "ternary operators", and knowing what they ALL do.
Also spend lots and lots of time on classes + interfaces.
BTW, if you were wondering, you need to put all of your scripts in C:\xampp\htdocs -- it's the "root directory" (google!) of your site.
Then, after you figure this all out, learn how to FTP (including its commands), and then spend a day or two experimenting with .HTACCESS files. And then Google "why IIS sucks". Learn that well.
If you understand ALL of this, you are now a web programming god. Congrats. Keep reading.
Now that you know PHP (spend a few MONTHS, yes, months, on PHP), you know 60% of the programming concepts of advanced programming with C# and about 30% of concepts for both C++ and ASM.
K, so, you need to learn C# now. Also spend a long, long time on this. Learn the difference between console and windows (GUI) applications first thing. It will help you.
You will need "Microsoft Visual C# Express". It is free and is purely amazing. Google "intellisense" and "code hinting" and understand why VC#.NET is very helpful. Spend lots of time on this.
Also, google why ".NET" is different than "native" code.
Spend LOTS of time on this. Learn threading, memory editing, DLL's, etc. etc. etc. There are lots of guides, use them well. And google -- a lot.
[A few months later] Back I see? Good.
Now, get visual C++ [.NET]. It's the same place you got Visual C#.NET.
Now relearn everything you did in C# with C++. DO NOT READ THIS AND SKIP C#. TRUST ME.
Also, learn how memory is stored, how the processor works, what "compiling" is.
Also, learn how to use Winsock2 to make two applications that work together -- one being a server ("listening socket") and one being a client ("client"). You will learn a LOT about networking through doing this, and I highly recommend you spend lots of time on this -- It's by far my favorite thing to program ("sockets").
Then, here's the scary part. Download MASM and RadASM (Masm is an "assembler" [google] and RadASM is an IDE [you should know what an IDE is by now -- if not, google. If you followed my directions closely, you will know right away that you've been using IDE's for a long while now]). Google how to configure RadASM to use MASM.
Now, play around with MASM. Having fun? Probably not. If you are, then you were meant to be a programmer. Understand what an "assembler" is and what is has in common and why it's also different than a compiler.