which programming language is used in ROBOTICS?

Question

ALSO which programming language is used in ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE??
which programming language is used in HACKING like in die hard 4.0 or hackers or net movie??

Answer 1

A robot will require a programming language for describing the operations that are to be done. Recently, there are plenty of robot programming languages available. Among them, five robot languages are commonly and basically used. They are:



RAIL

AML

VAL

AL

RPL



RAIL:



RAIL will be a best language for controlling two major tasks such as the manipulation and vision system. It is a high – level robot language based on Pascal, and it will implement a Motorola–68000 central processor, teach pendant, and terminal. This language was designed by Automatix for arc welding and inspection purposes.



RAIL comes with three different kinds of systems, namely:



Hitachi Process Robot – Arc Welding

Cartesian Arm – Assembly functions

Vision system without arm



AML:



AML (A Manufacturing Language) is a high level language based on sub routine, which is mainly implemented to manage RS / 1 Assembly Robot, End Effectors Active Force Feedback, and Cartesian Arm with hydraulic motors. The RS / 1 assembly robot incorporates a mini – computer (IBM Series/1), 192 KB memory, matrix printer, disk drive, display terminals, and keyboard. AML was developed by IBM Corporation for robot programming. An important reason for creating this language is to offer simple subsets and as well as powerful base language.

VAL:



VAL (Variable Assembly Language) Robot Programming Language is adopted mainly for Unimation Robots. As this language is designed with simple syntax, it is capable of illustrating the robot functions very easily. It includes two major tasks such as:



Program instructions are used to provide VAL programs in order to manage the robot functions.

Monitor commands are used to execute the user written programs.



AL:



AL robot language was developed in Artificial Intelligence Lab at Stanford University. It is the second generation language based on simultaneous Pascal. The programs are written and executed on PDP – 10. If the program is developed with high level code, then it should be written in Stanford Artificial Intelligence Language (SAIL). The AL system includes a big mainframe computer, and it generally runs on PDP 11/45. The PDP 11/45 implements one terminal, 128 KB RAM memory, and floating point processor. This language has got the capability to control two Stanford Scheinman and two PUMA 600 arms simultaneously.

RPL:



RPL robot language makes the improvement, checking, and correction of control algorithms very easy. It can be done even by an unskilled programmer like line foreman, production engineers, etc. The RPL programs are translated to interpretable code with the help of a compiler in SRI Robot Programming System. The programs are typically written in BLISS – 11 and run in RT – 11. The DECPDP – 10 is cross compiled into the LSI – 11 or PDP – 11. This robot language was designed in SRI International.



Some examples of published robot programming languages are shown below.



Task in plain English:



Move to P1 (a general safe position)

Move to P2 (an approach to P3)

Move to P3 (a position to pick the object)

Close gripper

Move to P4 (an approach to P5)

Move to P5 (a position to place the object)

Open gripper

Move to P1 and finish



VAL was one of the first robot ‘languages’ and was used in Unimate robots. Variants of VAL have been used by other manufacturers including Adept Technology. Stäubli currently use VAL3.



Example program:



PROGRAM PICKPLACE

1. MOVE P1

2. MOVE P2

3. MOVE P3

4. CLOSEI 0.00

5. MOVE P4

6. MOVE P5

7. OPENI 0.00

8. MOVE P1

.END



Epson RC+ (example for a vacuum pickup)



Function PickPlace

Jump P1

Jump P2

Jump P3

On vacuum

Wait .1

Jump P4

Jump P5

Off vacuum

Wait .1

Jump P1

Fend



ROBOFORTH (a language based on FORTH).



: PICKPLACE

P1

P3 GRIP WITHDRAW

P5 UNGRIP WITHDRAW

P1

;



(With Roboforth you can specify approach positions for places so you do not need P2 and P4.)

Answer 2

Unfortunately the answer is that there are many languages used, so you can't really pinpoint the best place to start. Advanced robotics research labs may even have their own language for their robots! The ones more commonly used are variations on Assembly, BASIC, and C. I've programmed robots both in ASM, as well as a language called PBASIC designed specifically for robots. There's also a java package called robojava, used for robotics. If I were to begin knowing what I know now, I would look into starting with BASIC, or a variation there of. Find one with a good simulator (unless you have robots), and start from there.

Answer 3

Robotics, I would think one would use Assembly, C or C++, as these are close to the hardware, and don't require a VM, or a special environment, like many other languages (JAVA, VB,...)



Artificial intelligence can be done in any language, but the higher level the better, as design becomes easier.



Hacking is mostly done by finding problems in other people's programs, and is usually done with scripts , but can also be done in any language.



Those movies are MOVIES! I feel sorry for the sap who thinks they know about computers because they watched hackers. The representation of programming and hacking in those movies are from a Hollywood point of view, and are completely fictitious.

Answer 4

C, assembly for hacking

C, assembly, c++, java for Robotics



For AI, Lisp, Prolog are used