OK...most people learn languages by tutorials,
www.w3schools.org,
http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/
http://www.physics.drexel.edu/students/courses/Comp_Phys/General/C_basics/
I picked them up by experimenting, trying to program different things, and picking up tricks along the way
to learn java, one might download netbeans, that is quite a good way to get started with that one..or maybe even buy books on the language!
Anyways...the differences:
you must first understand, XML (extensive markup language) HTML( hypertext markup language) and CSS (cascade style sheets) are not programming languages, XMl and HTML are markup languages, and CSS is used to make them look better.
A markup language is one which displays data in a format which you 'code'...
Java, runs on a virtual machine, and it is very high level and abstract; it takes the programmer away from dealing with memory directly, and has very useful APIs built into it for the programmer to access to do different jobs, such as Math.random() returns a number between 0 and 1 which is random.
It is where quite a number of people start to learn programming. It is very simple to understand concepts, and easy to use...helloworld is what most people start at
class HelloWorld {
public static void main(String args[]) {
System.out.println("Hello World");
}
}
when run, will print out Hello World to the command line
C is low level, and the user is almost forced to deal with memory directly; using pointers and defrencing. Though it looks very similar to java, it is not in its operation and can be harder to learn.
here is the same hello world program as before, written in C:
#include < stdio.h>
void main()
{
printf("\nHello World\n");
}