both JavaScript and PHP were based on the C language, so its probably best if you continue down that road of similar languages. Pascal is terrible. I worked with it a little, and its more or less a combination of Basic and C together. Its NEVER used for games. Ever. Dont bother learning it. There isnt anything Pascal can do that VB or C cant do, and they are more widely supported.
C++ is an excellent language for hardcore programming, but its very time consuming. If you have a team of developers working on a project, thats not so bad, but as an individual developer, unless you use as many classes and functions as possible, you're going to have to write a lot of code (thousands of lines) to make a fully functional application.
C# is based on the .NET framework and cant be ported to Linux or Mac until the .NET framework is (probably never, knowing Microsoft).
Java is cross platform by nature and thus can be ported to another operating system without even re-compilation. Perhaps you might want to look into that. I dont like Java myself though. I kept having issues and I noticed its very error prone.
I would probably say that C++ would be your best go. You have some programming experience already with PHP + JS and the syntax will be familiar.
www.gpwiki.org has great resources for almost all your languages.